Meridian-based frameworks

The techniques in this family describe practice through the channel vocabulary of East and Southeast Asian medicine, including meridians, points, energy, and balance. Those frameworks are presented in their own terms without treating them as established biomedical mechanisms.

Anma developed through Japanese organization of Chinese anmo traditions; shiatsu later emerged from anma; and tui na reflects related roots within modern Chinese medicine. Thai massage has its own Thai cultural and institutional history even where its sen-line vocabulary creates a useful comparison.

Each system requires training in its own methods, consent practices, safety limits, and professional scope. Similar pressure pathways do not make the techniques interchangeable.